According to the Theraplay Institute, "Theraplay is an engaging, playful, relationship-focused treatment method that is interactive, physical, personal, and fun. Its principles are based on attachment theory and its model is the healthy, attuned interaction between parents and their children."   Theraplay focuses on enhancing  caregiver-child attachment, engagement, self-esteem, and trust in others.  Specifically, it is designed to help children  (birth to 18 y.o.) learn  how to regulate themselves and their emotions.  Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Anxiety, Depression, and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder can all benefit from Theraplay. It is also used to work with children with developmental delays and Autism. Some children without a diagnosis can also benefit from the interactions of Theraplay, including children who are acting out, angry, non-compliant, withdrawn,  and those with attachment insecurities.